ISLAMABAD, (APP – UrduPoint / Pakistan Point News – 10th Aug, 2026) As social media influencers and aggressive marketing fuel a growing fascination with gut health, probiotic capsules have become a booming business. But health experts say the first step to a healthy gut still lies in the kitchen, not the capsule, urging people to rely on naturally fermented foods such as yogurt and kefir before turning to commercial supplements.
Often referred to as “good bacteria,” probiotics help maintain a healthy balance of microorganisms in the digestive system. They can improve digestion, reduce symptoms such as bloating and diarrhea, support nutrient absorption and help restore healthy gut bacteria after antibiotic use. Experts say these benefits have contributed to growing public interest in probiotics, but they caution that supplements should be used only when genuinely needed.
Talking to APP, dietitian Manal Syed said probiotics are live microorganisms that provide health benefits when consumed in appropriate amounts. She said their effectiveness depends on the specific probiotic strain and the individual’s health condition, adding that they should not be regarded as a treatment for every illness.
She said most healthy people can obtain sufficient probiotics naturally by consuming yogurt, kefir and other fermented foods. According to her, probiotic supplements are generally required only when a healthcare professional recommends a specific strain for a particular medical condition.
Despite their potential benefits, experts warn that probiotic supplements are not suitable for everyone. Some users may experience mild gas, bloating or temporary changes in bowel habits during the first few days of use. People with weakened immune systems or serious underlying illnesses should seek medical advice before taking probiotic supplements.
Echoing this view, gastroenterologist Dr. Joseph Salhab talking to APP recommended obtaining probiotics naturally through fermented foods such as yogurt, kefir and kimchi whenever possible. He emphasized that probiotic supplements are unnecessary for most healthy people and advised those with persistent symptoms or underlying medical conditions to consult a healthcare professional before using them.
“Using supplements without proper guidance can result in incorrect diagnosis, inappropriate dosage, drug interactions, side effects and delayed treatment of serious illnesses;” he warned.
As demand rises, concerns are also growing over the availability of counterfeit and low-quality probiotic products.
Some supplements contain fewer live bacteria than stated on their labels, while others may not contain the advertised strains at all. Improper storage and expired products can further reduce their effectiveness.
Experts believe government regulators can strengthen consumer protection by improving inspections of manufacturers, pharmacies and retail outlets, enforcing stricter quality standards, ensuring accurate labeling and taking action against counterfeit products. They also called for stricter enforcement against the sale of prescription medicines without a doctor’s prescription and greater public awareness to help consumers make informed choices.
The internet has become a major source of information about probiotics, with doctors, dietitians, hospitals and health organizations regularly sharing educational content through websites, social media and videos. While easier access to health information has benefited consumers, experts caution that misleading claims spread just as quickly. They encourage people to rely on credible sources rather than unverified online advice.
Researchers are also exploring newer microbiome-based products. Speaking at Natural Products Expo West, Dr. Justin Green, Director of Scientific Affairs at EpiCor, said postbiotics differ from probiotics because they contain inactive microbes instead of live microorganisms. Early studies suggest they may help the body respond to harmful germs and support digestive health, although he stressed that further research is needed to establish their long-term benefits.
Scientific evidence suggests public awareness has grown faster than public understanding. A 2023 population-based study found that although attitudes and practices regarding probiotics were generally positive, the average knowledge score was only 10.94 out of 26, indicating limited awareness. Other studies showed that 41 percent of parents, compared with 30 percent of non-parents, considered probiotic beverages to be a healthier option, highlighting the need for better public education.
As interest and awareness about gut health continue to rise, experts agree that probiotics can offer real benefits when used appropriately. However, they stress that for most healthy people, natural probiotic foods remain the preferred choice, while supplements should be reserved for situations where they are genuinely needed and recommended by qualified healthcare professionals.
